FRENCH HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN 1830
Historically, the end of the 18th century and the 19th century are complicated in France. We had 3 Bourbon Kings, another one of the (Bourbon)-Orléans dynasty, 2 Emperors, 2 revolutions, 3 republics... even 2 others were not crowned and have not ruled (Louis XVII and Napoleon II).
The Bourbon dynasty ended with three brothers, over a time interrupted by the Revolution and Napoleon’s Empire: Louis XVI, Louis XVIII, Charles X.
Charles X's reign ended with a short Revolution, actually three days of demonstrations. Charles X abdicated, forced his son to abdicate, and went into exile... despite the existence of his 10-year-old grandson, Henri, Duke of Bordeaux, who could have been king.
Then his cousin Louis-Philippe d'Orléans ascended the throne. But a large part of the royalists did not recognize him,
because his father had voted for the death of his cousin Louis XVI during the Revolution. For them, it was an infamy. They wanted to put on the throne the child Henri, Duke of Bordeaux, the last direct Bourbon, therefore the pretender. These royalists are called "Legitimists".
Marie-Joseph d'Horrer was one of them. His eldest son was in Russia and will be the founder of our family Russian lineage. The other two were in France. But Marie-Joseph refused that his last sons serve in the French army during Louis-Philippe d'Orléans's reign, and he sent them as soldiers into Italy. From there, one of his grandsons will return to France and will be the founder of the French lineage. Another one will remain in Italy, and will be the founder of the Italian lineage, extinct since 1969. Back to Marie-Joseph d'Horrer